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Islamic Army of the Caucasus
The Islamic Army of the Caucasus ((アゼルバイジャン語:Qafqaz İslam Ordusu); Turkish: ''Kafkas İslâm Ordusu'') (also translated as ''Caucasian Army of Islam'') was a military unit of the Ottoman Empire formed on July 10, 1918.〔 The Ottoman Minister of War, Enver Pasha, ordered its establishment,〔 and it played a major role during the Caucasus Campaign of World War I.
==Background==
During 1917, due to the Russian Revolution and subsequent Civil War, the Russian army in the Caucasus had ceased to exist. The Russian Provisional Government's Caucasus Front formally ceased to exist in March 1918. Meanwhile, the Committee of Union and Progress moved to win the friendship of the Bolsheviks with the signing of the Ottoman-Russian friendship treaty (January 1, 1918). The exclusion of German officers from this army was deliberate. By the end of 1917, Enver Pasha concluded that the Germans and the Ottoman Empire did not have compatible goals after the Russian Empire had collapsed. This feeling was confirmed by the terms of the treaty of Treaty of Brest-Litovsk which was very favorable to the Germans. Enver looked for victory where Russia left in the Caucasus. When Enver discussed his plans for taking over southern Russia, the Germans told him to keep out.
The purpose of this military unit was to mobilize Muslim supporters in Transcaspian and Caucasian regions, to advance toward Shatt al-Arab through Persia and to entrap British forces in Mesopotamia.〔 Nuri Pasha came to Yelizavetpol (present day: Ganja) on May 25, 1918 and began to organize the Army of Islam.〔Ajun Kurter, ''Türk Hava Kuvvetleri Tarihi'', Cilt: IV, 3rd edition, Türk Hava Kuvvetleri Komutanlığı, 2009, p. 92. 〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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